Composite bearing for wrought-metal structures and method of forming the same.



A. L. PUTNAM. COMPOSITE BEARING FOR WROUGHT METAL ST RUCTURES AND METHODOF FORMING THE SAME. FILED MAR. 31. 1916.

A PLICATION Patented Feb. 27, 1917.

84400444504 07 602 71/ L Maw/aw 551, )Mm maqwmmb from pressed or wroughtmetal.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

ALDEN L. PUTNAM, COMPANY,

COMPOSITEBEARING FOR WROUGHT-METAL OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0DETROIT PRESSED STEEL OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

STRUCTURES AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedFeb. 27, 1917.

Application filed March 31, 1916. Serial No. 87,952.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALDEN L. PUTNAM, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in CompositeBearings for Wrought-Metal Structures and Methods of Forming the Same,of which the following is a specification, reference being had thereinto the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to Wrought or pressed metal structures designedfor use as working parts and having bearing faces in contact withrelatively movable members. It is the object of the invention to obtaina more durable working surface, avoiding necessity of mechanicallyattaching bushings or bearing plates and maintaining the strength andlightness of the structure.

In the present state of the art many machine elements usually formedfrom cast metal may be lighter and stronger if formed however, theseelements have working surfaces or bearings, it has been found that the wi ought metal is not as well adapted for this purpose as cast metal. Inparticular cast iron is a much more durable working surface than wroughtiron or steel, particularly where the cooperating member is formed ofhardened steel. Thus it has been the practice heretofore where workingmembers are formed of wrought metal to provide bushings or woEringsurfaces of cast iron or some equally good wearing material. It isnecessary, however, to make these bushness to possess the requiredmechanical strength, and as a consequence the size and weight of thestructure is increased, so that the advantages due to the wrought metalconstruction are to a large extent lost. With my improvement I. haveovercome this 'defeet by molecularly uniting or integrating with awrought metal structure a wearing face of a metal of differentcharacter. Specifically my improvement comprises'the fusing on tothe*surface of a structure of pressed iron or steel a facing of castiron.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagramniatic'elevation illus- Nhere,

ings or wearing surfaces of suiiicient thick trating the manner ofre-facing a wrought metal structure Fig. 2 is a cross-section showing apressed sheet-metal journal bearing interiorly refaced; and I Fig. 3 isacross-section thereof.

In carrying out my invention the wrought metal'structure is firstfashioned either by pressing, drop-forging or in any other suitable way.As shown in Fig. 2, A is a portion of the cylindrical wall of asheet-metal piston, and B is aninturned sleeve bearing for engaging thewrist-pin of the connecting rod. WVhere this member is formed of pressedsheet-metal and is used in connection with a hardened steel wrist-pin apoor wearing surface is produced and it is difficult to prevent seizingand cuttingof the metal. By making the sleeve B large and engaging acast iron bushing therewith the difficulty of wearing surface isovercome but the increased size and thickness of the parts isobjectionable. I have therefore solved the difficulty by flowing moltencast iron over the inner surface of the sleeve under sufficient heat tofuse and integrate said metal cast-iron lining, as indicated at C. .The

operation may be performed by use of the oXy-acetylene blow torch, asindicated at D Fig. 1, or byany other source of intense heat. The castmetal may be supplied from a bar E, and when fused and highly heatedwill integrate with the steel surface. Any suitable flux may be used,such for instance as borax.

I have found that an exceedingly thin coating of thecast metal is allthat is required to form a good wearing surface, so that the completedstructure is but very slightly increased in weight or in size. erablythe pressed metal structure is first bored or machined to a sizeslightly greater than. that of the-finished bearing, and then thissurface-is re-faced as has been described and finally finished to size.

What I claim as my invention is 1. The combination with a wrought metalstructure having a portion thereof forming a working bearing, of afacing for said bear ing of relatively high-fusing cast metalmolecuiarly integrated therewith.

Pref" 2. The combination with a wrought metal structure having a portionthereof forming a working bearing, of a facing for said bearing formedof cast iron fused thereon and molecular-1y integrated therewith.

3. The combination with a pressed sheetmetal structure having a portionthereof forming a working bearing, of a facing for said bearing formedof cast iron fused thereon and molecularly integrated therewith.

4. The method of forming composite bearings comprising the pressing ofsheet iron or steel to the form required, machining the surface andcoating the machined surface with a facing of cast iron fused thereonand heated to a point where it will molecularly unite with the sheetsteel.

ture to be refaced, and simultaneous application of sufficient heat tothe adjacent portions of the cast iron and wrought metal structure tofuse and integrate the same.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature at Detroit, Wayne county,Michigan, upon this 22nd day of March, A. D., 1916.

a ALDEN L. PUTNAM.

